ravage: implies a violent, severe, and often accumulative depredation and destruction: a hurricane that ~d the Gulf coast.     (depredation掠夺=plunder=loot)（accumulative累积的）


devastate: implies the complete ruin and desolation of a wide area: the atomic bomb that ~d Hiroshima.   广岛   (ruin倒塌desolation荒凉)


waste: may imply a less complete destruction or one produced by a slower or less violent process: years of drought had ~d the area.


sack: implies the looting and destroying of a place: barbarians ~ed ancient Rome.       (loot抢劫战争或骚乱的受害者)


pillage: implies ruthless plundering at will but without the completeness suggested by sack: settlements ~d by the Vikings.


despoil: applies to the looting or robbing of a place or people without suggesting accompanying destruction: the Nazis ~ed the art museums of Europe.


ravage肆虐: 指长时间的猛烈地掠夺或毁坏，devastate完全毁坏: 大片地区完全毁坏，waste荒废: 范围速度和烈度相对较弱，sack劫掠: 洗劫并且毁坏，程度最强，pillage劫掠: 也表示肆意洗劫，但范围比sack小，despoil劫掠: 也表示洗劫，但未毁坏

记忆方法: 1) 首字母RDWSPD重组为SPD斯巴达WDR我的人<==残暴肆虐

          2) 肆虐的意思是抢劫或毁坏某个地方使变得荒废mean to lay waste by plundering or destroying.首字母RDWSPD重组为SPD斯巴达WDR我的人<==残暴肆虐